OUTLINE OF 


COLORADO HISTORY 


AND 


CIVIL GOVERNMENT 


INCLUDING THE 


CITY AND COUNTY 
OF DENVER 


A 

ff 


By 

E. E. MAXWELL 
North Side High School, Denver 






















X 







OUTLINE OF 


COLORADO HISTORY 

AND 

CIVIL GOVERNMENT 


INCLUDING THE 

CITY AND COUNTY 
OF DENVER 

a 

9 



e/e. maxwell 

North Side High School, Denver 



Copyright 1919 
by E. E. Maxwell 



©Cl. A 5 3 6 4:’9 


HOY -4 1919 


✓viO 







OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


3 


COLORADO. 

Seal. 


COLORADO 



Adopted 1877 by First General Assembly. 


Motto—Nil Sine Numine. 

Flower—Columbine—Chosen by children 1890. 
Tree—Blue Spruce. 

Flag- 




Holidays: 

New Year’s 
Lincoln’s Birthday 
Washington’s Birthday 
Arbor Day 


Memorial Day 
Flag Day 

Independence Day 
Colorado Day 
Labor Day 


Nickname—Centennial State. 


Columbus Day 
Election Day 
Thanksgiving 
Christmas 


References: 

Smiley, J. C.—History of Colorado. 

Parsons, E.—Story of Colorado. 

Fynn—American Indian. 

Course of Study issued by State Superintendent. 

U. S. Handbook—American Indian. 

U. S. Cliff Dwellers—Mesa Verde. 

U. S. Government reports on Parks. , . 

Williams, E. & C.—Legends of Pike’s Peak Regions. 

Hatch & Pa'rson’s Colorado History and Government—published by Her¬ 
rick Book & Sta. Co., 1918. 











6 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Mountains, Pawnees, Utes, Kiowas. 

Western Slope, Utes, Shoshones, Piutes. 

Agency at Ignacio has many Utes. 

Noted Chiefs: 

Ignacio, Little Raven. 

Colorou, Black Kettle. , 

Curay, Captain Jack. 

Famous Scouts: 

Buffalo Bill (Cody). > 

Jim Baker. 

Kit Carson. 

Famous Encounters: 

, Sand, Creek Massacre, 1864. 

Beecher Island, 1868. 

Meeker Massacre, 1878. 

Topics: 

Indian beliefs; legends; customs. 

Indian influence on American history. 

Indian words in our language. 

Explorers: 

Spanish in Colorado. 

New Spain included. 

Mexico and Western U. S. 

1540—Coronado crossed S. E. Colorado. 

Large company of 500 coldiers, many priests, natives. 

Object—'“The Seven Cities of Cibola.” 

Legendary rich places. 

1535—Cabeza de Vaca visited southern part of state. 

1600—Onate, S. Colorado. 

Escalante from Santa Fe into S. W. Colorado. 

1776—Valverde in command at Santa Fe. 

Went east to attack French. 

No permanent occupation. 

French and English, 1803-1830. 

Trappers and fur traders came from Mississippi region. 

Numbers increased yearly. 

1811-19—Pueblo a fur center. 

Trails: 

Oregon Trail: 

Passed north of State line. 

Many emigrants turned south. 

Settled in Colorado. 

Santa Fe Trail: 

Crossed southern part of State. 

By 1821 a much travelled road. 

Route marked by Daughters of American Revolution. 

Louisiana Purchase: 

1803 Jefferson sent agent to France to buy island at mouth of Mis¬ 
sissippi, that products of Ohio valley could get marketed. 







OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


i 


Napoleon offered to sell Louisiana for $15,000,000. 

Offer accepted. 

One of greatest events in American history. 

Lewis and Clark sent by Jefferson to N. W. 

Very valuable reports. 

1906—Pike sent to Colorado. 

Camped in Pueblo. 

Experienced great hardships. 

Cold, starved, lost animals, captured by Mexicans at Ala¬ 
mosa, treated cruelly while in Mexican jail. 

Raised first American flag in Colorado. 

Wrote good account of Colorado territory. 

1819-20—Long, Major Stephen, camped in Denver. 

1842— Whitman, Marcus, from Oregon country. 

Swam river at Grand Junction. 

On way to interest Washington in West. 

1843- 45-48—Fremont, John. 

Explored plains, mountains. 

1846—Parkman. 

See Oregon Trail. 

1853—Gunnison, J. W. 

Sent by Secretary of War. 

Searched for route for railroad. 

Trading Posts: 

1822—On Arkansas River by men from Missouri. 

1826—Bent Brothers had post on Arkansas River near La Junta, on 
Santa Fe Trail. 

1825— Roubidia, post near Delta. 

Forts—Trading: 

1826— Otero County. 

Bent and St. Vrain built fort. 

Soon called Fort Williams or Fort Bent. 

Largest fort in Colorado. 

Blown up by Bent. 

New Fort Bent built in Prowers County (by Wm. Bent). 
Bought by U. S. 

Called Fort Lyon. 

1835—Fort Lancaster later became Fort Lupton. 

1835—Fort St. Vrain best known, on S. Platte. 

Built by Bent Brothers. 

1842—Near Fountain Creek. 

Pueblo soon took its place. 

1842—Fort just north of Florence. 

Forts—Military. 

1845—Fremont. 

1852—Massachusetts, Costilla County. 

Given up, Fort Garland established 1858. 

San Luis Valley. 




8 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Fort Collins, Fort Sedgwick, Fort Morgan, Camp Weld, Fort 
Lyons (now Naval Sanitarium), Fort Logan. 

Gold discovered about 1850. 

Trappers found some, 

Cherokee Indians found quantity gold. 

Many gold seekers here by 1858. 

Gold found two miles south of Denver, in Dry Creek. 

1858— Denver, then Auraria, begun. 

Second settlement called St. Charles. 

Third attempt named Denver after Governor of Kansas Territory. 

1859— Many came from Omaha. 

Trip took forty-five days. 

Gold seekers followed the rivers. 

Arkansas, Platte, Smoky Hill. 

1860— Mint established in Denver by private parties. 

Bought by U. S., 1862. 

TERRITORIAL HISTORY: 

Colorado. 

Originally part of Kansas Territory. 

Extended to top of range. 

Judge Stone says Colorado is the fag-end of five territories—Kansas, Ne¬ 
braska, New Mexico, Utah, Dakota. 

1858— November 6th, first election. 

Arapahoe county formed. 

1859— Delegate went to Congress to get Jefferson Territory organized, 
failed, but Territorial government under Robert W. Steele. 

acting as Governor, existed for short time. 

Not legal. 

1861— February 28th, Colorado Territory created. 

President Lincoln appointed W. Gilpin, Governor. 

Capital Colorado City at first. Golden next until 1867. 

Denver third, 

made permanent capital 1881. 

1867—Applied for Statehood. 

Enabling Act passed both houses of Congress. 

Vetoed by President Johnson. 

1876—August 1st, admitted * * * Centennial State. 

President Grant signed bill. 

Legislature first called in Denver by Governor Gilpin, 1861. 

Session 59 days. 

No representative districts. 

No counties. 

Governor divided members into House of Representatives and Council. 
House of Representatives—13. 

Council—9. 

Created counties and Legislative Districts. 

House increased to 26 members. 

Council to 13. 

Second Session of First Legislature June, 1862, Colorado City. 






OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


9 


“One gentleman came with four outriders, in a large carriage having 
two footmen on behind.” 

Meeting ended abruptly. 

Notified that no pay coming, as it was same fiscal year as first session. 
Second meeting in July, 1862. 

In Mother Margart’s kitchen. 

No seats, no paper, no ink. 

Adjourned to Denver. 

Capital located at Golden. 

“Because Denver was so snippy.” (Judge Stone.) 

Colorado in the Civil War: 

1859—Floyd, Secretary of War sent army supplies to Southwest. 

1861— Secessionists organized. 

Raised flag on Larimer Street, Denver. 

Planned to seize Denver banks. 

1862— South schemed to get Colorado and Coast. 

Had 3,500 men. 

Plan prevented by Colorado volunteers. 

Colonel Canby, U. S. Army in New Mexico. 

Colorado volunteers from Canon City with him. 

Defeated Valverde, Southern Leader, February 21. 

Confederates took Albuquerque, Santa Fe. 

First Colorado Regiment went South 40 to 50 miles a day. 

Company from Fort Lyon joined near Trinidad. 

Captain Ford, with independent company joined near Fort Union, 
March 10. 

Texans retreated. 

Buried brass howiters. Four now in Museum, Denver. 

1864—Second Colorado Regiment sent to Missouri against guerillas. 
Checked Price from Arkansas. 

Fought Comanches on Arkansas River. 

Third Colorado Regiment, not a full regiment. 

Took part in Sand Creek fight. 

1907—Monument to Colorado Civil War Soldiers placed in front of Capital, 
Denver. 

1864—November 28, Sand Creek. 

Colonel Chivington reached Fort Lyon. 

Indians had come in—were quiet. 

Chivington surrounded Indians. 

Gave orders to take no prisoners. 

Ordered scalps to be taken. 

Three hundred Indians killed. 

Results bad for settlers. 

Secession agents among Indians. 

1868—Beecher Island—near Yuma. > . 

Fifty scouts surrounded by 2,000 Indians, Chief, Roman Nose. 

Two scouts crept through Indian lines. 

Went ninety miles for aid. Indians beaten. 

1879—Meeker, Greeley. 





10 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Tried to teach Indians to work. 

Many whites massacred. 

Colonies in Colorado: 

See “Union Colony at Greeley,” by Prof. Willard, University of Colorado. 

“History of Greeley and the Union Colony,” by David Boyd. 

1869-71—Colonies planned by Railroads. 

Railroads owned every other section. 

National Land Company, N. Y., advertised Colorado. 

German Colonization Company. 

Formed in Chicago. 

Communistic. 

Went to Wet Mountain Valley. 

Union Colony, Greeley, 1870. 

Semi-co-operative. 

Model followed by other colonies. 

Chicago-Colorado at Longmont. 

St. Louis Western at Evans. 

Southwestern at Green City. 

Town Development Companies: 

Kentucky-Fountain Colony, 1871. 

Agricultural Colony, Fort Collins, 1872. 

Pueblo Colony, 1872. . 

Monument Colony. 

Illinois Colony, ten families. 

COLORADO STATE—1876-1919. 

Admitted August 1, 1876. 

Centennial State. 

Size, 103,000 square miles. 

Land unsettled. 

Owned by state, over 3,000,000 acres; 150,000 obtained 1917 from U. S„ 
not previously located. 

Owned by U. S., 10,000,000 acres, plus Forest Reserves. 

School , lands, Section 16, 36 in each township. 

Money obtained by rental or sale goes to educational fund. 

STATE INSTITUTIONS: 

Educational —no tuition charge for Coloradoans. 

University of Colorado—Boulder. 

School of Mines—Golden. 

Teachers’ College—Greeley. 

Agricultural College—Fort Collins. 

Normal School—Gunnison. 

Agricultural School—Fort Lewis. 

Penal—Adult: 

Penitentiary—Canon City. 

Reformatory—Buena Vista. 

Penal—Minors: 

Industrial School for Boys—Golden. 

Industrial School for Girls—Morrison. 





OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


11 


Benevolent: 

Defectives. 

Insane—Pueblo. 

School for Deaf and Blind—Colorado Springs. 

School for Mental Defectives—Arvada. 

Dependent: 

Soldiers’ and Sailors’ Horae—Monte Vista. 

Home for Dependent Children—Denver. 

Irrigation: 

Important to state. 

Products. 

Compare irrigated and non-irrigated lands. 

Water Rights. 

Farming: 

Compare different parts of state as to: 

Products, values. 

Cattle, sheep, grains, fruits. 

Sugar beet, etc. 

Mining: 

Locate mining areas—on map. 

Names kinds, values. 

Manufactures (Greater in Money Value than Agriculture). 

Pupils make lists. 

Name factories. 

Give value of products. 

Reference: The Colorado and Manufacturer Magazine. 
Commerce—Outlook for Future. 

“Playground of Nation.” 

Reasons for name. 

Wonders of State. 

Locate. 

Wars—Colorado’s part. 

Spanish—1898. 

Great War—1917. 

GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF COLORADO: 

Plan same as that of the U. S. 

Constitution of State, supreme law. 

Colorado a Territory, 1851-1876. 

Governor appointed by President. 

Admitted into Union on August 1, 1976—Centennial. 
Government consists of three departments: 

Legislative—law-making. 

Executive—law-enforcing. 

Judicial—law-interpreting. 

Legislative Department called the General Assembly. 
Consists of two bodies. 

House, representing counties—(63). 

Senate, representing districts—(29). 



12 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Term two years—meet first Wednesday in January. 

Odd numbered years. 

Length originally 90 days. 

Now left with Assembly. 

Session usually one. 

1919 session, the twenty-second general assembly. 

Extra may be called by Governor. 

Membership, each House judges of qualification of members. 
Quorum—in each is a majority. 

Journal—each House keeps a Journal. 

Qualifications—Persons must be 25 years of age. 
a citizen of the U. S. 
a qualified voter. 

a resident for one year of the County. 

Pay—$1000 for the two-year term. 

Traveling expenses to and from Capitol. 

Committees—Standing. 

Elected at beginning of session. 

Select. 

Appointed for a definite duty. 

Senate consists of 35 members. 

Denver has seven. 

Term four years. 

One-half elected each even numbered year. 

Powers. 

To make laws with the House. 

To confirm appointments of Governor. 

Presiding officer. 

Lieutenant Governor. 

President pro tempore. 

-Elected on first and last days of session. 
Representatives—65 from Counties. 

Denver has 12. 

Revenue bills must originate in House. 

Presiding officer elected from members. 

Votes as a member. 

Law making. 

Bill introduced by member in Senate or House, 
referred to committee, 
must pertain to one subject only. 

be read in full, on two different days, 
majority vote needed to pass bill, 
signed by presiding officer, 
sent to other House. 

referred to committee, 
sent to Governor. 

he approves, signs. 

Secretary of State affixes Seal of Colorado. 


i 


< t 
4 ( ( 





OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


13 


If Governor disapproves. 

returns bill to House it originated in with objections, 
two-thirds vote of both Houses will pass it over Gov¬ 
ernor’s veto. 

Unless returned within ten days it becomes a law, unless Assem¬ 
bly adjourns. 

Initiative (Constitutional Amendment. 1910). 

People have right to begin laws at election. 

1918—Initiation bill for Relief of Adult Blind. 

Petition by 8 per cent of voters. 

Referendum. 

People may insist on right to vote on bill the Assembly had 
before it. 

Petition by 5 per cent of voters. 

Executive Department. 

Official term two years, beginning second Tuesday in January, 
odd numbered years. 

Qualifications. 

Citizen of U. S. 

Resident of State for two years preceding election. 
Governor’s salary $5000. 

Powers and duties. 

To execute the laws. 

Commander-in-Chief of Militia of State. 

Appoints many officials. 

Most must be confirmed by Senate. 

May remove incompetent official. 

Pardons. 

Signs or vetoes all bills. 

Sends messages to Legislature. 

Lieutenant Governor. 

Presides over Senate. 

Succeeds Governor if necessary. 

Salary $1000 per year. 

Officials. 

Secretary of State. 

Duties. 

To keep laws passed by General Assembly. 

To keep and affix the Great Seal of State. 

To record public papers. 

To have charge of election—ex-officio member of 
Labor Commission. 

Salary $4000 a year. 

State Treasurer. 

Duties. 

To receive and pay out all moneys of State. 

To countersign warrants of State. 

To give daily report of State finances to Auditor. 



14 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Salary $6000 a year. 

Bond $1,000,000. 

State Auditor. 

Keeps accounts of State. 

Examines claims against State, issues warrants for just 
claims. 

Has charge of insurance companies. 

Salary $4000 a year. 

Superintendent of Public Instruction. 

Makes out questions for teachers’ examinations. 

Visits schools. 

Decides points of law in regard to schools. 

Looks after school funds and lands. 

Assigns school money. 

Salary $3000 a year.. 

Attorney General. 

Has charge of all legal matters. 

Salary $5000 a year. 

State Boards made up of above executive officers. 

State Board of Education. 

Canvassers. 

Equalization. 

Auditing. 

Board and Commissions many. 

Game and Fish. 

State Engineer. 

Land Commission, Charities. 

State Tax Commission. 

Budget Commissioner, 1919. 

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT. 

Supreme Court, 7 members. 

Term 10 years. 

Three terms held each year in Denver. 

District Court. 

State divided into Judicial Districts (13). 

One or more judges in each, Denver has 5. 

Term 6 years. 

District Attorney in each. 

Term 4 years. 

A term of court must be held in each county every year. 
County Courts. 

In each county. 

At each county seat. 

Presided over by county judge. 

Original jurisdiction in: 

Wills, estates, appointment of guardians. 

Civil cases below $2000. 

Criminal cases if accused is minor. 






OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


15 


Appellate Jurisdiction. 

From justice, police courts. 

Acts as Juvenile court. 

Denver has a separate Juvenile Court. 

Justice courts, in counties. 

CIVICS 

Aims: —Naturally the teaching of Civics, Ethics, Sociology, Community serv¬ 
ice, goes on in every subject continually from the time the child begins to respect 
the rights of others. 

“The true test of civilization is not the census, nor the size of cities, nor the 
crops—no, but the kind of man the country turns out.”—Emerson. 

“One for all and all for one,” even as the soldier played his part in the 
great war, should be the aim of an American. 

COMMUNITY CIVICS. 

Aim: —To aid pupils to assemble indefinite ideas of community activities and 
government. 

To give pupils knowledge of government in its workings. 

To train pupils to be intelligent, helpful citizens. 

To give ideas of social service. 

To train pupils to appreciate America and its institutions. 

DENVER GOVERNMENT: 

1861—November 7—First legal charter granted by first territorial Legis- 
' lature. 

Government to consist of Mayor and Council. 

1902—Home Rule granted Denver by Article XX, State Constitution 
(Rush Bill.) 

City and County boundary lines to be the same. 

City officials to perform acts of county officials except—- 
Judges of courts of records. 

District Attorney. 

Superintendent of Schools. 

1904—New Charter, according to Article XX. 

Mayor, power increased. 

Council. 

supervisors—7. 
aldermen—16. 

1910—Denver adopted Initiative, Referendum, Recall. 

1913—Commission government adopted, 
commissioners—5. 

Each head of a department. 

1916—Speer Amendment to Charter adopted. 

Use chart from Municipal Facts. 

Power centralized in 

Mayor—term 4 years, 
elected by people, 
appoints Cabinet—4. 

responsible for all administrative offices, 
enforces laws. 





16 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


signs all bonds. 

employs expert accountant annually, to examine treasurer’s 
and auditor’s reports. 

with Cabinet formulates administrative policies for city, 
controls inspectors, 
recommend ordinances to council, 
makes rules for employees, 
appoints city chaplain. 

Cabinet—4. 

appointed by Mayor, 
consists of: 

Manager of Improvements and Parks. 

succeeds mayor in case of Mayor’s death, 
controls parks. 

Manager of Revenue. 

controls treasury, bonded debt, sinking fund. 

pays warrants. 

appoints County Assessor. 

assesses all property. 

Manager of Health and Charity. 

Controls hospitals, county farm, a'l chari able work. 
Manager of Safety and Excise. 

Controls fire, police departments. 

Receives money from licenses and excise. 

Council—9. 

Elected by people in May, odd numbered years. 

Term two years. 

One, elected President by council, annually. 

Must present ordinances to mayor for approval within 48 hours 
after passing. 

Mayor must return within 5 days. 

Two-thirds vote will pass it over Mayor’s veto. 

Auditor—term 4 years. 

Elected by people, alternately with Mayor. 

Next election 1921. 

Signs warrants and contracts. 

Election Commission—(3), 2, 4, 5 years term. 

Manages all elections. 

Clerk and recorder—is member. 

Appointed by Mayor. 

Judicial. 

district judges (5). 

4 civil. 

1 criminal. 

each presides over criminal court part of term, 
district attorney, 
county judge. 

4 years. 

Juvenile. 

jurisdiction same as that of county judge. 





OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


17 


city attorney, 
justices of peace. 

Board of Equalization (3). 

President of council, 
manager of improvements, 
manager of revenue. 

settles disputes on property valuation. 

Commissions. 

Art—6 members. 

Library—9 members. 

Commissioner of Supplies. 

Industrial Bureau—4 members. 

Water—City took over water plant 1918. 

Commissioners, 5—6 years term, 
appointed by Mayor, 
appoint a business manager, 
outside of commission. 

Education—County and City separate. 

County superintendent, 
appointed by Mayor, 
duty. 

to give county examinations to teachers. . 

City—First Class District. 

Board of Education—7. 
term 5 years, 
elected by people. 

first Monday in May, odd numbered years, 
powers and duties. 

to raise and expend money. 

build, care for school buildings, 
select superintendents, 
teachers, 
janitors. 

choose text books, 
make annual report. 

choose superintendent, assistant superintendent, 
administers, supervises. ; 

carries out policies of board. 

Finances. 

schools maintained by. 
taxes. 

general fund from State, 
obtained by. 

sale or rental school lands, 
fines. 

Special fund. 

obtained from. 

tax on electors of district, 
limited to 20 mills. 





18 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


must not be more than 5% over preceding 
year. 

County tax. 

2 mills. 

placed in general school fund. 

Colorado has Compulsory Educational Law. 

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES. 

The Constitution is the highest law, formed, 1787—basis of our government. 
The Preamble gives the reasons for forming the Constitution: 

“We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, 
establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common de¬ 
fense, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty, to 
ourselves and to our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution 
for the United States of America.” 

The government of the United States is divided into three departments: 
Legislative—law-making. 

Executive—law-inforcing. 

Judicial—law-interpreting. 

LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT: 

Congress, consists of two bodies: 

Senate, representing the States. 

House of Representatives, representing the people 
The Congress (Senate and House). 

Term—Two years. Elected November, odd numbered year. 

Sessions, regular—Two. 

Long—First Monday December to following summer. 

Short—First Monday December to March 4. 

Special—Called by President. 

(Since war began Congress has been in almost continual session.) 
Membership—Each House is judge of qualification of members. 

Quorum—Majority of each House necessary to do business. 

Rules—Each House makes its own Parliamentary rules. 

Journal—Each House keeps a Journal of its proceedings. 

Prohibitions—Members not to be held outside for speech in Congress. 

Members must not hold other public office. 

Powers and Duties: 

To provide for raising and disbursing revenue. 

To borrow money; to coin money and regulate its value. 

To fix standard of weights and measures, and punish counterfeiting. 
To regulate foreign and interstate commerce. 

To declare war, to maintain an army and navy; to call out the militia. 
To establish postoffices and post roads. 

To enact patent and copyright laws. 

To enact uniform naturalization and bankruptcy laws. 

To provide for punishment of crimes against the United States. 

To establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court. 

To admit new States and to govern territories. 

To exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the District of Columbia, public 
lands, buildings, forts, navy yards. 




OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


19 


To make all laws necessary for carrying into execution powers vested by 
Constitution in the Government. 

Senate: 

Number—Two from each State. 

Elected originally by State Legislatures. 

1913—Seventeenth “Amendment,” directly by people. 

Term, 6 years; one-third elected each two years. 

Salary, $7,500 plus $125, stationery, clerks. 

Qualification, 30 years old; resident of State he represents; citizen of 
United States nine years. 

Presiding Officer—Vice President of the United States. 

President pro tern elected from Senate members. 

Powers of: 

Votes on all bills before they become laws. 

Confirms or rejects nomination of President. 

Ratifies or rejects treaties. 

Elects officers of Senate. 

Elects Vice President of United States if general election fails. 

Acts as a Court for trial of impeachments. 

Vacancies filled by State from which he comes. 

House of Representatives: 

Number, one for every 213,000; in 1919—435. 

Elected by voters in Congressional Districts. (Colorado has four.) 

Term, two years. Entire House elected every two years. 

Salary, $7,500 per year. Speaker, $12,000. 

Eligibility, 25 years of age; citizen of United States seven years; resident 
of State from which he comes. 

Presiding Officer—Speaker; elected by House. 

Powers of House: 

To make laws with Senate. 

Elects its own officers. 

Prosecutes impeachments before Senate. 

Originates all bills for revenue raising. 

Elects President of United States, if regular election fails. 

Process of making a law. 

Bill drawn up presented by member of either or both Houses. 

Read by title. 

Referred to committee. 

Greater part of work is done in Committee. 

Committee may change or pigeon-hole bill. 

Second reading in full. 

Discussion—Amended. 

Referred to committee for correction. 

Third reading by title only usually. 

Vote—Sent to other House. Same procedure. 

Passed by both. 

Signed by— 

Speaker and Clerk of House, 

President and Clerk of Senate. 

President of U. S. 

President may veto. 






20 


OUTLINE OF COLORADO HISTORY 


Two-thirds vote in both Houses will pass bill over veto. 
Secretary of State affixes Seal of United States. 

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT. 

The President. 

Elected by electors of State. 

Chosen at general election on first Tuesday after first Monday 
in November every four years. 

Number equals number of Senators and Representatives of 
State. 

Meet in State Capitol, second Monday in January following 
election. 

Vote by ballot for President and Vice-President. 

Make three copies of vote. 

Governor must certify. 

Two copies sent to Washington. 

Senate and House meet second Wednesday in February fol¬ 
lowing. 

Open, count votes, announce decision. 

If no election. 

President is elected by House. 

From three candidates receiving most votes. 

Vote by States, each state has one vote. Majority 
necessary for choice. 

Term, four years. Salary, 75,000. 

Eligibility—Age, 35; resident of United States fourteen years. 
Natural born citizen. 

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT. 

Supreme Court—Nine members. 

Chief Justice, eight Associate Justices. Salaries, $15,000, 
$14,500. 

Terms of Court—One each year, October to May, Washington. 
Original jurisdiction in all cases affecting Ambassadors, Min¬ 
isters, Consuls; all cases in which a State is a party. 
Appellate jurisdiction in cases from Inferior Courts. 

Chief Justice presides over Senate wiien it sits as Court of Im¬ 
peachment to try the President of the United States. 

Inferior Courts—Jurisdiction in cases. 

Between citizens of different States. 

Where the United States is a party. 

Cases of Admiralty and Maritime Jurisprudence. 

Appeals to Supreme Court may be had in all cases of law and 
equity, unless Congress has made exceptions. 

Inferior Courts—U. S. Circuit Court of Appeals; nine, one in 
each Judicial Circuit; three Circuit Judges. 

U. S. District Courts—One or more in each State. 

U. S. Court of Claims—Judges claims against U. S. One Chief 
Justice, four Associate Judges. 

Court of Customs Appeals—Decides disputes over duties. 
Congress has established Supreme Court of District of Columbia, 
Courts of Alaska, Hawaii, Courts in Porto Rico, Philippines. 













t 









/ ' 






